4.1. NORTH AMERICA
Colonial America was the time in American history when Europeans first set up permanent settlements on the North American continent. It started in 1607 when the first English settlers landed at Jamestown, Virginia. It ended with the Revolutionary War when the settlements were no longer colonies but part of a new nation. Throughout this period, people left their homes in the Old World (Europe) to settle in the New World (the Americas). American settlers started to build houses, start farms, and settle in to their new homes. [1]
Under the heading of The Early Modern World is Colonial North America, which includes documents on Early Conquest and Exploitation, Political Forms, Virginia, New England, Middle Atlantic, American Society. Smithsonian: Within These Walls The National Museum of American History presents the history of a 250-year-old house built in the mid-1760s, in Ipswich, Massachussetts and five of the families that occupied it. The site helps one understand the great events of the nation's past through these families. Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture (OIEAHC) The College of William and Mary and The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation founded the Institute of Early American History and Culture in 1943 and still jointly sponsor its work. [2]
Online stops include Boston Common, the State House, King?s Chapel Burying Ground, the Old South Meeting House, the Boston Massacre Site, Faneuil Hall, Old North Church, Old Ironsides and Bunker Hill. Primarily southern colonies covered here through this wonderful University of Georgia resource. It covers everything from De Laet's map of Florida et regiones vicinae done in 1625 through Dunn's North America, as divided amongst the European powers made in 1774. It's an excellent resource for secondary students needing to examine primary source documents. This ThinkQuest Junior entry doubles as an online colonial newspaper. The interactive version of the Jamestown fort is the highlight of the site, allowing students to see the layout of the fort and click on each building to learn more about its function in the settlement. [3] The project begins with the founding of the first successful English colony in North America at Jamestown in 1607 and closes with the problems along the American frontier following the French and Indian Wars. (approximately 1607-1763). This site was created as a collaborative research project by 18 students at East Buchanan Middle School in Winthrop, IA. [4]
A surprising number of America's earliest settlements have been preserved or reconstructed to help 20th century Americans understand how Europeans first settled North America. If you're planning a trip along the east coast, chances are good that at least one of these sites will be within a few hours of your route. These pages provide background information and explainig the historical significance of these sites. They also list numerous other web sites for each location. [5] The British economy had begun to grow rapidly at the end of the 17th century, and by the mid-18th century, small factories in Britain were producing much more than the nation could consume. Finding a market for their goods in the British colonies of North America, Britain increased her exports to that region by 360% between 1740 and 1770. Because British merchants offered generous credit to their customers, Americans began buying staggering amounts of English goods. [6]
Includes a clickable map with links to individual descriptions of each colony and a list of the first European settlements in North America. Farming in the 13 American Colonies The focus is on agriculture in this look at how the colonists farmed and what they grew. [7] Do you remember Roanoke ? In 1585, after a small scouting expedition had returned from North America with two Native Americans and many astonishing stories, Sir Walter Raleigh tried to establish a colony called Roanoke in the land which the British named "Virginia", in honor of Elizabeth, the Virgin Queen. [8]
Unlike New England, the Mid-Atlantic Region gained much of its population from new immigration, and by 1750, the combined populations of New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania had reached nearly 300,000 people. By 1750, about 60,000 Irish and 50,000 Germans came to live in British North America, many of them settling in the Mid-Atlantic Region. William Penn, the man who founded the colony of Pennsylvania in 1682, attracted an influx of immigrants with his policies of religious liberty and freehold ownership. "Freehold" meant that farmers owned their land free and clear of leases. [6] North Carolina's outer banks were the scene of the first British colonizing efforts in North America. Both attempts, in the late 1500's, to form a colony on Roanoke Island (see above ) did not succeed. [8] The most notable English failures were the " Lost Colony of Roanoke " (1587-90) in North Carolina and Popham Colony in Maine (1607-8). It was at the Roanoke Colony that the first English child, Virginia Dare, was born in the Americas; her fate is unknown. [6] By the time the next English settlers arrived in North America to colonize Jamestown it was nearly twenty years later and, although several attempts were made to find out what happened to them, the fate of the "Lost Colony" was never fully explained. [8]
H-Atlantic H-Atlantic is an international online discussion list for Atlantic World History from 1500 to 1800. This an interdisciplinary list for scholars who study colonial North America and the United States, Europe, West Africa, the Caribbean, and South America in a transatlantic context. [2] While previous colonial wars in North America had started in Europe and then spread to the colonies, the French and Indian War is notable for having started in North America and then spreading to Europe. [6] Between Verrazano's visit to the Atlantic coastline in 1524 and the end of the Seven Years War in 1763, the French colonized or visited nearly every corner of North America. You can visit many of their sites, either in person as a tourist or via the Web. Follow the footsteps of one French explorer in this game to discover his identity. Explore this archeological site and learn about the fort's history through what has been discovered. [9]
Links to sites on all aspects of African American history, from the North Kenwood/Oakland Charter School in Chicago. Twenty years after this massacre, CNN looked at the event and the man behind it, Jim Jones. [9] ". provides a wide range of historical information on the period in U.S. history between 1565-1760." Beautifully illustrated and presented with information arranged around fifteen subject areas such as Native North Americans, Government and Law, Community Life, Women, Religion, Science and Medicine and much more. [10] Links to sites on all aspects of African American history, from the North Kenwood/Oakland Charter School in Chicago. [9]
Colonial North America 1492-1763 : Links to sites important to the growth of Colonial North America. [11] While the plan was thwarted by colonial legislatures and King George II, it was an early indication that the British colonies of North America were headed towards unification. [6] America as a Religious Refuge: The 17th Century looks at religious persecution in Europe that drove so many to British North America where settlers often established colonies centered on passionate religious convictions. [2] Offers, information, maps, and links for the thirteen British colonies in North America that rebelled, signed the Declaration of Independence in 1776 becoming independent sovereign states, and established the United States of America. [12]
Students create a brochure that would attract settlers to the east coast of North America in the late 1600s or early 1700s. This is a great activity for your class during your study of the Thirteen Colonies. Students use a blackline map to answer questions about the pilgrims journey on this printable worksheet. [13]
Nieuw-Nederland, or New Netherland, was the seventeenth century colonial province of the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands on northeastern coast of North America. Dutch claims to the region were based on explorations made between 1609 and 1614, the first made by Henry Hudson along the river which today bears his name. [6] Starting in the late 16th century, the Spanish, the English, the French, Swedes and the Dutch began to colonize eastern North America. [6] Locate the physical features of North America, the boundaries of lands controlled by the English, French, Spanish and Dutch, and explain how geography influenced claims and settlement. [13]
4.2. NORTH AMERICAN
Territorial changes following the French and Indian War: land held by the British before 1763 is shown in red, land gained by Britain in 1763 is shown in pink. In the Treaty of Paris (1763), France surrendered its vast North American empire to Britain. [6] The French and Indian War took on a new significance for the North American colonists in Great Britain when William Pitt the elder decided that it was necessary to win the war against France at all costs. [6]
Some things haven't changed. John Peter Zenger and Freedom of the Press This was the first libel case in America. It forever set the standard for freedom of the press and made a hero of not only Zenger but also his lawyer, Andrew Hamilton. The French and Indian War This easy-to-read, illustrated article describes the struggle between France and England over territory in North America. Find out what part a young George Washington played in this war. [7] For the first time, North America was one of the main theaters of what could be termed a " world war." [6]
The site was actually an island on North America's eastern seaboard protected by the outer banks of what is now North Carolina's coast. Sir Richard Grenville led the fleet that brought them to the New World, the Governor of the colony was Master Ralph Lane and among the colonists was Walter Raleigh's confidant Thomas Harriot, author of "A Briefe and True Report of the New Found Land of Virginia ", a chronicle of their adventure. Sir Francis Drake, who was seeking Spanish conquests in the New World, rescued this group just as they were losing control of their situation. Another colony was left at Roanoke in 1587 but by 1590, when a long delayed supply ship finally arrived, they had disappeared without a trace. This was the so-called "Lost Colony". A baby was born in Roanoke at this time. [8] In 1663 King Charles II created the colony of Carolina (named for King Charles II) by granting the territory, of what is now roughly North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia, to loyal supporters. This colonial charter was challenged by many Virginians who had settled in Albermarle Sound and resented their inclusion in the Carolina Charter. [8] With special emphasis on the Salem Witchcraft Trials of 1692. Online exhibit interpreting ca. 1650-1821 Spanish colonial military artifacts from southeastern North America focusing upon such uniform-related materials as buttons, buckles, and insignia. [12]
N our study of the Puritan Mind in North America and in England, we noted that a simple definition of Puritan would not enable us to get more than a glimpse into the culture. In order to offer the students of this period a more comprehensive view, I have gathered what I believe to be the most reliable and informative WWW resources and offer them here for your consideration. As Palo Alto College students just beginning using the internet for your research and course materials, you will find these sources adequate for your assignments, critical papers, and class discussions. [14]
South Carolina was the site of the first European settlement in North America. [8]
By 1770, more than 2 million people lived and worked in Great Britain's 13 North American colonies. [15] Cooke, Jacob Earnest, et al, eds. Encyclopedia of the North American Colonies. 3 vols. [16]
From the beginning, the British Empire's behaviour toward the colonies was an extraordinary paradox. To the settlers along the North Atlantic seaboard it generously granted home rule, but did everything to avoid their excercising it. It considered the colonists Englishmen, but denied them the same basic rights. [17]
Colonial America Starting in the late 16th century, the English began to colonize North America http: //academickids.com/encyclopedia/index.php. [18] Fort Ross in what is now Sonoma County, California was the southernmost Russian colony in continental North America, and was a thriving settlement from 1812 to 1841. [6] A recent agreement was made between the United States and Mexico and Canada called the North America Free Trade Act or NAFTA. NAFTA was passed by the United Congress in 1993. The underlining purpose of this legislation was to remove some tariffs and quotas in order to improve trade among the three partners, United States, Canada and Mexico. [19]
After agreeing to the first 12 amendments, in 1789, North Carolina became the 12th state to ratify the new Constitution. [8] Benefit of clergy had been eliminated entirely in Massachusetts in 1772, was abolished by most states in the 1790's, but persisted in North Carolina until 1854 and in South Carolina until 1869. [20]
North Carolina remained a frontier through the early colonial period. [6] Fort San Juan was established in 1567 in the interior of North Carolina but was destroyed by local Native Americans 18 months later. [6] From that moment on emmigration to the shores of North America has never ceased. [17] Using the Mayflower Compact as a primary source, identify and describe the reasons why the Pilgrims came to North America. [13]
RANKED RECOMMENDED SOURCES
(20 source documents numbered in order of appearance in text)
6. Colonial history of the United States - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/3.html
8. 13 Originals
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/29.html
2. U.S. History - Colonial
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/37.html
9. American History - Homework Center - Multnomah County Library
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/34.html
13. Thematic Units - Colonial America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/27.html
12. Colonial America in the Yahoo! Directory
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/12.html
17. Colonial, Revolutionary, and Early America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/19.html
7. Colonial Times in America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/5.html
10. Internet Public Library: Pathfinders
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/11.html
19. ECONnections: Lesson 1: Trade in Colonial America / NAFTA
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/53.html
4. Colonial America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/28.html
18. All About the Colonial Period
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/55.html
14. Puritans in Colonial America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/43.html
15. Colonial America (1492-1763)
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/0.html
3. Innovative Teaching - Colonial America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/20.html
5. TeachersFirst Colonial Tour
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/7.html
16. American Women's History: Colonial America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/33.html
1. Our America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/26.html
11. ColonialLife
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/10.html
20. Forfeiture in England and Colonial America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/50.html
6. Colonial history of the United States - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/3.html
8. 13 Originals
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/29.html
2. U.S. History - Colonial
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/37.html
9. American History - Homework Center - Multnomah County Library
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/34.html
13. Thematic Units - Colonial America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/27.html
12. Colonial America in the Yahoo! Directory
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/12.html
17. Colonial, Revolutionary, and Early America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/19.html
7. Colonial Times in America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/5.html
10. Internet Public Library: Pathfinders
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/11.html
19. ECONnections: Lesson 1: Trade in Colonial America / NAFTA
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/53.html
4. Colonial America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/28.html
18. All About the Colonial Period
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/55.html
14. Puritans in Colonial America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/43.html
15. Colonial America (1492-1763)
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/0.html
3. Innovative Teaching - Colonial America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/20.html
5. TeachersFirst Colonial Tour
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/7.html
16. American Women's History: Colonial America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/33.html
1. Our America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/26.html
11. ColonialLife
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/10.html
20. Forfeiture in England and Colonial America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/50.html
There's a glossary, a nice collection of games and other activities you can use in the classroom. The pictures of actual students and the handsome parchment background help to make this site easy on the eyes and a popular choice of students. Your students can even learn about each of the kids from Salford Hills Elementary School in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania who built this project. Maria Hastings School in Lexington, Massachusetts houses this student-generated collection of links on colonial life long before "the shot heard round the world." Topics covered include Who Lived Here Before the Colonists? , Lexington Family History, Colonial Life, Colonial Crafts, Important Lexington People and their Families, Historic Homes and Ye Old Grave Yard. There's also a treatment of British soldiers and the infamous battle that began the Revolution for those teachers who would like to extend their studies into the period of the war. The Soap Factory offers this fabulous history of soap from Babylon to modern times looking especially at soap in the American colonies and the chemistry of soap. Perhaps more of a primer for teachers, this is a great resource if you'd like to make soap with your students as part of your colonial studies. [1]
The Chronicles include a timeline of events from 1760 on, Perspectives emphasizes daily life in the colonies, and the Road to Revolution is actually an interactive online game that engages students as active participants in the Revolutionary War. The second colony on Roanoke Island was left deserted in 1587 with no trace of the colonists. When ships returned to England for additional supplies they were detained for three years while Queen Elizabeth fought the Spanish Armada. This excellent ThinkQuest Junior presents this historical mystery in the first person by earthlings who now live in cyberspace. Creative and intriguing, this is a great study of Roanoke Island. Created by Caleb Johnson, a member of the General Society of Mayflower Descendants, this site is "Mayflower Central" with all the links you need to study the coming of the Pilgrims to what is now Massachusetts: passenger lists, documents, wills, journals, history of the voyages and the village, and new genealogical resources. Chocked full of primary sources and interesting anecdotes, this site nicely complements the Plimoth Plantation web site. [1]
Rothman argues that, while American statutes were certainly based on English precedent, the colonists did not mechanically repeat every stipulation of English law or simply duplicate the English system. Colonial assemblies selected from the English corpus those sections most consistent with their own attitudes and most relevant to their own needs. A thorough analysis of the use of criminal forfeiture in America prior to the Revolutionary War would require a separate analysis of each colony, because the history of each is unique in this regard. [2]
Given that England had no governmental machinery that could control all of the colonies other than through ocean-borne commerce, abuse of the Navigation Acts in the 1760's caused many Americans to lose faith in British administration. While the colonists made a conscious decision to eliminate criminal forfeitures both before and after the Revolutionary War, they did not do away with in rem civil forfeitures, particularly as a way to stop the importation of contraband goods. During the Revolutionary War, colonial governments recognized that they needed to continue the use of vice-admiralty type courts in order to bring to trial captured British ships. They did make a serious attempt to avoid the mistakes of the old vice-admiralty courts and insisted on the use of juries in all cases. [2] Until the Revolution, the American colonists were considered to be residents of England under the Navigation Acts. After 1660 it was illegal to import goods to or export them from the colonies unless British ships with three-fourths English crews were used. The same act also prohibited staple colonial products (e.g., sugar, tobacco, rice, cotton) from being shipped to anywhere but England. [2]
Spanning the turbulent years from the founding of the Jamestown settlement to the outbreak of the American Revolution, Alvin Rabushka provides the definitive history of taxation in the colonial era, and sets it against the backdrop of enormous economic, political, and social upheaval in the colonies and Europe. Rabushka shows how the colonists strove to minimize, avoid, and evade British and local taxation, and how they used tax incentives to foster settlement. He describes the systems of public finance they created to reduce taxation, and reveals how they gained control over taxes through elected representatives in colonial legislatures. [3]
T he aim of ColonialAmerica.com is to provide a window into the people, history, culture and ideas of America from about 1585 to 1799 (yes, we go just a bit past what would technically be defined as the "colonial" era). Included during this time were such significant events as the settling of Roanoke, Jamestown, and Plymouth, the Salem witch trials, the French and Indian War, the American Revolution, and ratification of the Constitution. In pursuit of this aim, our initial goals will be to provide original content from the colonial era as well as highlight just released books and videos, reenactments and other events. [4]
The American People: The Strains of Empire PowerPoint Presentation on the road to the War of Independence as part of the online companion to The American People. Thanksgiving (Library of Congress) Through this Learning Page activity, you investigate the American tradition of celebrating Thanksgiving, which began in colonial times. Will the Real Ben Franklin Please Stand Up? In this middle school or high school lesson plan, students will research and debate Benjamin Franklin's most significant role and contribution to the history of the United States. Which was most important to American History - Benjamin Franklin's work as a printer, a writer, a statesman, or an inventor? After completing their research, students will have to prepare 10-minute oral and visual presentations to support their position. After presenting their work, they will also be expected to answer questions and ask them of the other groups. [5]
As the colonial era ended there was intense discussion about the nature of government and the rights of men. The correspondence of James Madison, Alexander Hamilton and John Jay in hammering out an American understanding of these English principles are a timeless treasure that is still studied today in schools of political science around the country. This site is an online catalogue of all 85 papers written by these founding fathers that provides you with the ability to search the entire database. It's an excellent source for the study of the principles of American democratic government. R. J. Brown of the History Buff offers this text-based overview of the first ten news publications in the colonies. It includes a discussion of Benjamin Harris's Publick Occurrences, Both Foreign and Domestick, John Campbell's News-Letter and Andrew Bradford's American Weekly Mercury. This is a great jumping-off point for students studying the evolution of the newspaper in colonial America. [1]
In The First Great Awakening section, Historian Christine Leigh Heryman of the University of Delaware offers a concise explanation of the scope and impact of the First Great Awakening. In Puritanism and Predestination she offers a clear explanation of Puritan beliefs. Other topics include Witchcraft in Salem Village; Religion, Women, and the Family in Early America; The Church of England in Early America; Religious Pluralism in the Middle Colonies; Native American Religion in Early America; and Religion and the American Revolution. America's Story: Colonial America (1492-1763) America's Story is a site for children from the Library of Congress and is designed to be both entertaining and fun to use. [5]
Noriega had also caused a number of problems for U. S. agencies trying to track down and seize drug profits as forfeitable assets. He allowed such monies to be safely harbored in Panamanian banks or wired them undetected to other countries where they could later be returned to the U. S. as clean money. In 1989, the U. S. Justice Department claimed it had the right to seize foreign citizens involved in drug trafficking and forcibly bring them to the United States for trial. Indictments for Noriega existed in Miami and Tampa, thus justifying his capture by U. S. military forces. Such a policy was already in de facto use when Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA) officials captured Rene Verdugo-Urquidez, one of the alleged killers of U. S. drug agent Kiki Camarena in Mexico and transported him across the border to stand trial in Los Angeles. Recently, Verdugo-Urquidez lost his appeal in the U. S. Supreme Court that damaging documents were taken from his home in Mexico by D.E.A. agents acting without search warrants. Even the British did not extradite to England suspected colonial smugglers but allowed them to be tried in American courts. That was a fear in the colonies and a reason for the inclusion of the Sixth Amendment in the Bill of Rights. [2]
Provides access to several different maps of the colonies, and Colonial charters, grants, and related documents. Classics of American Colonial History This collection of historical documents from Dinsmore Documentation contains select scholarly books and articles on American colonial history. Their goal is to add four documents (articles or book chapters) per week and readers are invited to suggest further public-domain documents for digitization. [5] Keigwin & Matthews Collection of Rare and Historical Documents A private collection of historical newspapers maps and writings focusing on the period in American history from the Colonial Period through the Jefferson presidency. [6] From Revolution to Reconstruction (George M. Welling) -- A large hypertextual archive of information, especially primary documents, on American history, with strong coverage of the colonial and revolutionary periods. [7]
No contemporary study of early America is complete without an examination of the indigenous peoples who lived here before the arrival of the Europeans. Presenting Native American technology and art, NativeTech showcases art, craft, games, toys, food, and recipes by presenting traditional technologies without labeling them 'primitive.' Waaban Aki native Tara Prindle hosts this extensive site which emphasizes the life and accomplishments of the peoples of the eastern woodlands. Paula Giese presents this interesting text and graphic presentation on pre-European Native American dwellings. There are structures such as the igloo, the buffalo-hide tipi, the pueblo, the hogan, the earth-covered lodge, and many more. While not every structure includes its own link, they each are sketched out for easy visual identification. This is the online presence of the Massachusetts living history museum set in the early 1800s. It offers a wonderful view of small town life in early America through virtual tours, educational materials and multimedia presentations. The panoramic 360 degree views of the actual village are visually engaging, and the Critter Counter, games and puzzles and teacher resources (especially the online tour of the village) make this a rich resource for your classroom. [1] English Colonies in 1700: Blank Map The companion web site to The American People offers blank maps related to various topics in American history. [5]
The library of Congress American Memory site presents photos and histories of people of the Dust Bowl. A photo history of this time. [8]
The resource guide offers many worthwhile online links connected to each section and the teacher's guide gives you names and places for further student study. This site brings together all kinds of historic early American documents, trivia, life in Colonial times, a colonial crossword puzzle; "a unique array of original newspapers, maps and writings come to life on your screen just as they appeared to our forebears more than 200 years ago." Full of primary sources, this site can serve as a digital colonial newspaper for your classroom. [1] General American history print resources that are highly recommended are The Encyclopedia Americana (Grolier, 2001 -- Look under "Colonial Life," pp. 280-298), Dictionary of American History (Scribner's, 1976, 8 volumes), Encyclopedia of American History, 7th ed. (Harper Collins, 1996 -- "the best all-around one-volume encyclopedia of American history [9]
The chart lists the date each colony was founded, the individuals associated with the founding, and whether it became a Royal colony. Colonial History Quiz Do you have what it takes to be considered a Colonial History guru? Can you make it all the way to the final question? Take this quiz to find out. Timeline of American History: 1600 - 1625 Take a look at the very beginning of United States history with this timeline created by your Guide. Colonial America Timeline: 1626-1650 Use these American History Timelines to find the key events that happened in America's past. This timeline focuses on the years 1626-1650. Colonial America Timeline: 1651-1675 Use these American History Timelines to find the key events that happened in America's past. This timeline focuses on the years 1651-1675. [6] Have Fun with History: Colonial America : American colonial life existed just shy of 180 years before the United States of America emerged as a nation independent of British rule. These formative years are reflected with free streaming videos from Have Fun with History. [10]
In 1607, 105 London Company sponsored settlers arrived from England to begin the story that we all remember from our school days. Since they were there representing England and its King, James I, they settled in an encampment they called Jamestown on a river they named the James River. The first year was devastating for the colonists, with only 32 colonists surviving the winter and only then because Native Americans living in the area came to their aid with food. After a supply ship arrived the next year they had additional provisions but many more colonists to feed as well. Once again, over the winter, most of the colonists died of starvation and from hostile encounters with their neighbors. As winter came to a close, ships arrived, and most of them were ready to leave. As they were leaving, Lord Thomas de la Warr (Delaware is named after him) arrived from England with new supplies and more settlers. He refused to let the survivors return to England. Slowly, as they reached agreements with the local Native American tribes and they learned how to grow some of their own crops, the colony began to prosper. Most of those original Jamestown settlers were after profit, mainly riches in the form of gold and other precious metals. They had not given enough thought to the perils that they would face in this unknown land. [11] John Smith was a soldier and adventurer. He had fought in France and Hungary, been captured and escaped. Although his personality caused him some initial problems with the other colonists (he arrived in Jamestown in chains after alienating the leaders of the expedition) he eventually made contact with the local Native American chieftain Powhatan, who provided the colonists with much of their food in that first year. [11]
Religion in the 13 American Colonies In colonial America, how you worshipped depended on where you lived. Education in the 13 American Colonies Did colonial schools really keep girls out? Find out this and more in this entertaining look at education in colonial times. Food in the 13 American Colonies What did the colonists eat and how did they get it? This fun, illustrated article tells you. Parks and Fun in the 13 American Colonies Did colonial kids play? If so, what games did they play? This article has the answers for you. [12] The first cookbook printed in the American Colonies was E. Smith's The Compleat Housewife published by William Parks, Williamsburg VA, 1742. Like most of the other cookbooks used in colonial America it was a reprint of a European cooking texts. colonists used cookbooks published in their native countries. [13]
Taxation in Colonial America examines life in the thirteen original American colonies through the revealing lens of the taxes levied on and by the colonists. [3]
Carolyn Phelan Copyright American Library Association. Readers will be amazed by the stories of such remarkable colonial women as Mumbet, a slave who won her freedom in a Massachusetts courtroom in the 1780s; Mercy Warren, whose passionate plays about the Revolution thrust her onto the theater scene as America's first female playwright; and Peggy Arnold, the wife of Benedict Arnold, who was as formidable a spy as her notorious husband. With these enlightening profiles, Mary Rodd Furbee brings these strong and influential women to life to encourage, inspire, and delight young readers. [14] The bloody war rages up and down the Connecticut River valley in Massachusetts and in the Plymouth and Rhode Island colonies, eventually resulting in 600 English colonials being killed and 3,000 Native Americans, including women and children on both sides. [15]
4.3. AMERICAN COLONISTS
Following the French and Indian War, the English established the first of four new American vice-admiralty judgeships whose goal was to overhaul the customs tax base from the colonies to pay off the war debt. [2] George Washington - Lesson Plan Using letters from the Library of Congress collection "George Washington Papers, 1741-1799," three units are designed to allow students to examine Washington's leadership during pivotal events in early American history: the French and Indian War, the Federal Convention, and Washington's presidency. A main goal is to understand both Washington's role in early America and the reasons for his rise to prominence. [5]
America in the 20th Century -- Children at work, Theodore Roosevelt, the San Francisco earthquake, early automobiles, Harry Truman and more. Explore this history of the 20th century decades from this Chico High School Library site. This Thinkquest timeline briefly summarizes the major events in each decade throughout the 20th century. This site is to help the reader gain a broad understanding and appreciation for the culture and history of 1900-1989 (by decade) in American history. [8] Here at Archiving Early America, you will discover a wealth of resources -- a unique array of primary source material from 18th Century America. Scenes and portraits from original newspapers, maps and writings come to life on your screen just as they appeared to this country's forebears more than two centuries ago. As you browse through these pages, you will find it easier to understand the people, places and events of this significant time in the American experience. [16] Descriptions of early American life, colonial times and on through the 20th century. [8] Be sure to visit our Town Crier Forums for stimulating discussions of America's Colonial Era, the Revolutionary War, the Early Republic, and the 19th Century in American History. [16] American Society in the Making: Multiple Choice Quiz, Fill-in-the-Blank, Flashcards, American History Glossary, American History Appendix The Student Resources section of The American Nation companion web site features introductions to chapters, interactive quizzes, flashcards, web links, an American History Glossary, and an American History Appendix. [5]
The Library: Historical Information is a great collection of information on the settlement, and the Kids' Page offers activities your students can enjoy right in the classroom. This simple looking compilation of colonial era dates is actually a collection of hyperlinks (beginning with the Molasses Act of 1733) that share succinct synopses of important events leading up to the American Revolution. Digital images and student-created explanations help make this site endearing and informative. [1]
A timeline with information about Asian immigration to the United States and notable events in the Asian-American experience. An introduction to Hispanic American history and the many contributions Hispanic Americans have made in helping to shape this nation. [8] Divining America: Religion and the National Culture - 17th and 18th Centuries TeacherServe?, is an interactive curriculum enrichment service offering teachers practical help in planning courses and presenting rigorous subject matter to students. Divining America: Religion and the National Culture is designed to help teachers of American history bring their students to a greater understanding of the role religion has played in the development of the United States. [5]
You can test your knowledge of early American history with our interactive crossword puzzle and Quiz Game at Games, or learn more about the music of America's early years by visiting our Music of Early America section. Going back in time you can re-live Major George Washington's historic trip to the Ohio Valley when he was 21 years old. Read his personal account as it appears in the two issues of The Maryland Gazette originally published in March of 1754. One of early America's Greatest Secrets (many historians are unaware of its existence), and because of its historic significance and rarity, the March 21 and 28, 1754 issues of The Gazette can be viewed here in their entirety -- exactly as Washington wrote it, down to the last comma, apostrophe and period. It is available at George Washington's Journal. [16] The Library Company of Philadelphia An independent research library with collections documenting every aspect of the history and background of American culture from the time of the thirteen colonies to the end of the 19th century. [6] In personam criminal forfeitures and in rem civil forfeitures were added as stiff new penalties to deal with the problems of organized crime and drug dealing as part of the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO) and the Continuing Criminal Enterprises Act (CCE). This essay is a preliminary investigation of the history of forfeiture penalties in England and their transfer to the American colonies. [2]
The Act for Compensating Families of Persons Killed by Accidents was passed simultaneously. Despite the elimination of deodands, the Crown continued to confiscate guilty property as a source of Crown revenue, usually under admiralty law. (Such statutory forfeiture, which is the true progenitor of modern in rem seizures, will be discussed at the end of this essay.) All of the criminal procedures and penalties discussed (forfeiture, corruption of blood, peine forte et dure, deodand) were eventually eliminated in England but only decades and, in some cases, centuries after they had been rejected by the American colonists. Efforts were made to reform many of these practices as early as the seventeenth century, but none were successful during that era. [2]
Drugs and organized crime were targeted first in the 1960's and then again in the 1980's as problems that could not be solved by conventional law enforcement tactics, including prison and fines. New strategies, including removing the profit from organized crime activities, spawned new laws, such as RICO and CCE. The issue to be questioned here is not whether forfeiture penalties are necessary or effective, but to raise concerns over their social and political consequences. The governments of Colombia, Mexico, Peru, and Bolivia have all been warned to step up their campaigns against drug cultivation, processing, and export from their countries or face cutbacks in U. S. foreign aid. Recent actions by the United States in Colombia, Panama, and Mexico have Central and South American leaders concerned about how far the U. S. military will go in its international battle against drugs. [2] The codes of law of the colonies were often drawn directly from English law ; indeed, English common law survives not only in Canada, but even in the modern United States. It was a dispute over the meaning of some of these political ideals, especially political representation, and a growing unity among the new generations that led to the American Revolution. Another point on which the colonies found themselves more similar than different was the booming import of British goods. [17]
Slaves and the Courts, 1740-1860 (Library of Congress) Slaves and the Courts, 1740-1860 is part of the American Memory Historical Collections of the Library of Congress and features pamphlets and books documenting the experiences of African and African-American slaves in the American colonies and the United States. [5] State of Affairs Between the Native Americans and the European Settlers Students will be able to analyze multiple resources to explain the contacts between the American Indians and the European settlers in early colonial Virginia during the Age of Discovery. [5] The Pilgrims, founders of Plymouth, Massachusetts, arrived in 1620. In both Virginia and Massachusetts, the colonists flourished with some assistance from Native Americans. New World grains such as corn kept the colonists from starving while, in Virginia, tobacco provided a valuable cash crop. By the early 1700s enslaved Africans made up a growing percentage of the colonial population. [18]
The Leslie Brock Center for the Study of Colonial Currency (Virginia) -- Useful primary and secondary documents on early American currency. [7] The directory of documents by subject includes African Americans and Slavery, British Colonial Policy, Economics and Trade, Immigration from Europe, Religion, Wars and more. [5] Learn how World War I, Europe, and the U.S. influenced the causes of the Depression. This PBS American Experience site presents the story of the tens of thousands of teens who lived on the road in America during the Depression. This site from the Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt Institute provides a photo gallery, online resources about the New Deal, FDR, and the Great Depression, the New Deal document library and more. [8] Digital History Resource Guides The Digital Resource Guides provide links to American history web sites by period and provide historical overviews, readings (online textbook chapter, Reader's Companion), primary source documents (documents, maps, cartoons), teaching resources (chronologies, maps, quizzes), audio-visual resources, and additional resources. [5] A very helpful scholarly resource. American Centuries: View from New England Explore American history with this digital collection of approximately 2000 objects and transcribed document pages. An image of each of these items appears on an Item Page accompanied by interpretive text available on age-appropriate levels. [5] Later, sending goods by water transport from one American colony to another was prohibited. In order to insure that the Navigation Acts were followed, the English used forfeiture penalties and set up an elaborate customs system to enforce them. A captain was to report directly to the customs house upon docking his ship in England. At the customs house, he had to produce a complete detailed inventory of his cargo. [2]
Some merchants exploited the vast amounts of timber along the coasts and rivers of northern New England. They funded sawmills that supplied cheap wood for houses and shipbuilding. Hundreds of New England shipwrights built oceangoing ships, which they sold to British and American merchants. Many merchants became very wealthy by providing their goods to the agricultural population and ended up dominating the society of sea port cities. Unlike yeoman farmhouses, these merchants resembled the lifestyle of that of the upper class of England living in elegant two-and-a-half story houses designed the new Georgian style. These Georgian houses had a symmetrical fa??ade with equal numbers of windows on both sides of the central door. The interior consisted of a passageway down the middle of the house with specialized rooms such as a library, dining room, formal parlour, and master bedroom off the sides. Unlike the multi-purpose halls and parlours of the yeoman houses, each of these rooms served a separate purpose. In a Georgian house, men mainly used certain rooms, such as the library, while women mostly used the kitchen. These houses contained bedrooms on the second floor that provided privacy to parents and children. [17] There were many different kinds of criminals including counterfeiters, highwaymen, and pickpockets. At that time in the American colonies there were no police forces to put a stop to them. In 1744 a New York City newspaper wrote "it seems to be now becoming dangerous for the good people of this city to be out late at night without being sufficiently strong or well armed." [19] There are several reasons given by legal historians for the fact that criminal forfeiture and corruption of blood were rarely used as penalties in the American colonies, even in the seventeenth century. [2]
Public prompting was used in the late 1770s in London by Francis Werner who played on the harp and directed the figures at the same time (Werner title page). It did not become a wide-spread practice until the nineteenth century when the dancers no longer selected the dances to be performed and dance events drew less homogeneous companies. Several other types of dance appeared in early American ballrooms, promoted by dancing masters to hold their pupils? interest and by fashionable dancers who wished to keep one step ahead of the crowd. [20] Ironically, it was the cotillion that was carried west and was the basis of traditional American square dancing, recently declared our ?national folk dance? and far more associated with cowboy culture than the French ballrooms that gave it birth. Among other dances in the new French style were those which came to be known as jigs and hornpipes?the names were used interchangeably at this time. These were free-form, display dances for one or two dancers. [20] Massachusetts and Maine, 1743. This 1931 Newbery Award winner stands the test of time. The story of a French orphan indentured to an English family, this book gives us an intimate portrait of the interactions and prejudices between the two groups of settlers and the English family's conflict with local Native Americans. [21] The Spaniards settling in St. Augustine ate differently from the English people in Jamestown, the Dutch in New York, and the French who migrated to Canada. Settlers brought their recipes, cooking methods and some supplies with them. They also used local foods introduced by the Native Americans. Some European recipes adapted well to these new ingredients. [13]
In July, the English government orders Andros to be returned to England to stand trial. In February, Schenectady, New York is burned by the French with the aid of their Native American allies. [15] While the sole authority to establish courts in England was the King, in the American colonies the power to create courts rested in several sources: first, through powers granted by the King in charters; second, through the exercise of the royal prerogative; third, through the creation of certain subordinate governmental organizations; and fourth, through creation by legislation. In a large part, this resulted from the differing origins of the various colonies. [2] Tinker, Tailor, Farmer, Sailor - Lesson Plan To understand how geographic factors affected where European settlers established colonies, students compare primary sources from the Library of Congress' American Memory collections for three distinct regions: New England, the mid-Atlantic and the South. [5] Prior to 1760, the colonies, for the most part, benefited from the Navigation Acts. Only when new revenue laws, such as the Sugar Act of 1764 and the Revenue Act of 1767, led to questionable seizures of colonial cargoes, did Americans complain bitterly. [2] Colonial Americans looked upon themselves as moral and religious people. Not all of the people felt this way, for there were many wrongdoers in early America. They had a strict moral code and violators were handed bizarre punishments. [19] Search under "colonial America" and you will find articles written by amateur editors who are passionate about colonial American topics. [9]
After money paid to informants and court costs were deducted, proceeds went directly into the Exchequer. Beginning with George Bancroft, a number of historians have argued that the Navigation Acts and their consequent forfeitures were a chief cause of the American Revolution. Dickerson, based on an extensive analysis of colonial documents, found that such was not the case. [2]
The site also provides links to other colonial American Websites and a DISCUSSION forum. [9] Early American and Colonial Literature to 1700 The Internet School Library Media Center offers the Early American and Colonial Literature page for librarians, teachers, parents, and schools. You can search this site, use an index, or sitemap. [5]
Presented in plain text for ease of use no matter what browser you're using, the page also includes nursery rhymes, tongue twisters and riddles. This ThinkQuest entry does a great job of presenting colonial life in southeastern Pennsylvania, including homes, schools, clothing, transportation, chores, occupations and Native Americans. [1] This guide is designed to help students of all ages find resources on colonial American history and culture by using both Internet and print resources. The primary focus of this pathfinder is life in colonial America leading up to but not including the American Revolution. [9]
Be sure to take advantage of the colonial links offered here to other great resources too. Tuomi J. Forrest presents Penn as a unique force in colonial America, covering his role as a peacemaker and as the builder of Philadelphia. It is most suited for middle and high school students, as it is largely text-based and is written for an academic audience. Still it is one of the better pages online covering the accomplishments of this remarkable man. This long-running simulation is presented by the Smithsonian's Museum of American History to help students learn while practicing the process of historiography. [1]
The Avalon Project and Project Gutenberg are two prime examples of how Internet access means access to history and the classics. When it comes to American colonial history this holds especially true. The links recommended this week could not be contained in a digital dozen format, so this week's edition is a special triple-issue - that's right 35 of the best sites out there on Colonial America. [1] American History Calendar : A calendar site showing American history in a unique way: through a user-friendly web calendar. [10] An American Local History Network Topic. If this website has provided you with useful information, please consider making a donation to USGenNet to help keep sites like this online. [22]
The maps are worth the wait to download. For this time period you can get maps such as: Native American groups in the East or West, Exploration and Settlement Before 1675. This site is provided by the University of Texas at Austin. This site in particular has a great deal of information on the period immediately following which can give us insight into the 1600-1776 period. [21] Open to the public for research and teaching purposes. Religion and the Founding of American Republic (Library of Congress) Part of a special exhibit by the Library of Congress, this site provides an interesting mix of images, primary text, and background information on the role of religion in the European settlement of America. [5] The child will be responsible for relating information to students. This could be as simple as announcing that it's recess or as advanced as reading aloud the assignment instructions and school bulletins. Creating Plymouth Rock: According to popular story, the Pilgrims on the Mayflower stepped ashore a large rock when they landed in America on December 21,1620. Historians believe this rock was nearby when the Pilgrims landed and it has become a very famous American Landmark. [23] "The Pilgrim Story" combines artifacts with historical information to illuminate the Pilgrim and Native American story to 1692, when Plymouth Colony as an independent entity came to an end. [5]
IT SEEMS REASONABLE TO ASSUME when Godbeer spoke of a Jamestown colony of almost all men for so many many years "that much of the sex that took place. was sodomitical." What happened to that Godbeer? The longer I have worked on The American People, my own book, the more I have come to see the necessity for reassessing all the paths all "historians" and academics have been walking down and to see them to be misguided and in desperate need of a major re-alignment. I am not saying that these friendships did not exist as non-sexual. I am just saying that many of them obviously were, and it is time to stop denying possibilities because they, in Godbeer's words, albeit buried in another footnote, "are unsupported by surviving evidence." He goes on: "It is surely disingenuous to claim that we face a stark choice between doing so and leaving topics such as this 'unexplored.' There is a middle way that involves unabashed but circumspect presentation of evidence." [24]
How many histories of The American People are we in? None. I would like to leave the last words to my friend, Lewis Gannett, who is a historian, (he went to Harvard), and who has spent many years of his life fighting to get Tripp's great gay Lincoln book out there, against almost insuperable conditions, and treated with respect: "Why should Benemann's inability to pinpoint forensic-level proof be trumped by Godbeer's blindness to the richness, the detail, the sheer eloquence of these voices from the past, voices that so strongly speak to passion--to be plain about it, to dick in ass! Benemann's lack of definitive 'proof' is so much stronger than Godbeer's almost hysterical insistence that little homo sex can be entertained as historical reality." [24] "Discusses the day-to-day aspects of country and city life in the American colonies for a variety of people including members of different professions, specific immigrant groups, and slaves." [9] "Describes the daily life and important events in the American colonies during the time of British rule." [9] Many Americans at the time saw the colonies' systems of governance as modeled after the British constitution of the time, with the king corresponding to the governor, the House of Commons to the colonial assembly, and the House of Lords to the Governor's council. [17]
"Discusses the changing roles, rights, and contributions of African Americans in the United States during the colonial period from 1607-1763." [9] Chapter 2 deals with The Colonial Period and Chapter 3 gives the events leading up to and including the American Revolution. [9]
Birthdays of important people in American history and important events in American history can be viewed; interactive - browse through it and display details on a specific person or event. [10] Omohundro Institute of Early American History & Culture -- Information on the Institute and its events and publications, including William and Mary Quarterly. [7]
The sections on the middle colonies and the South focus primarily on lesser-known women in American history. [14] The American colonies followed the British lead in extending benefit of clergy to women. [2]
During the war, the British Colonies' (including the thirteen colonies ' that would later become the basis of the United States) position as part of the British Empire was made truly apparent, as British military and civilian officials took on an increased presence in the lives of Americans. [17] The use of the U. S. military as self-appointed international customs agents might repeat the same kinds of abuses American colonists experienced when the British navy was given free reign to stop and search all American ships. Given the relaxation of the Cold War and the resulting threat of decreasing military expenditures, the Pentagon no longer balks at the idea of using its powers to do police work in the drug war. [2] Rhode Island, for example, considered title to land to originate not with the Crown, but in the towns. Although the British Crown would have liked to continue the use of forfeiture and escheat, the towns argued they could waive forfeiture. The majority of American colonists considered themselves absolute owners of their soil, and considered forfeiture to be anathema. [2]
Even though there have been several claims within the boundaries of the Kingdom of New Mexico by several foreign powers (Texas, France, US), control had always been maintained by Spain (223 years) and later Mexico (25 years) until the arrival of the American Army of the West under Colonel Stephen Watts Kearny in 1846 during the Mexican-American War. Many direct descendants of the original colonists live on the land grants granted by Spain and later Mexico to this day. [17] Benjamin Franklin's political cartoon calling for colonial unity during the French and Indian War; it would be used again during the American Revolution. [17] Hello and welcome to my homepage! This is a place for teachers to find great activities for incorporating the Colonial American theme into their daily lesson plans. I teach 5th grade and I have used each of these ideas in my own classroom. [23] Colonial and early 19th century American cookbooks do not contain suggested menus for wedding receptions. [13] Alvin Rabushka is the David and Joan Traitel Senior Fellow at the Hoover Institution at Stanford University. His books include The Flat Tax. "This massive compendium of colonial American tax data draws together disparate primary and secondary sources in an impressive feat of scholarship. "Running to nearly a thousand pages, this massive compendium of Colonial American tax data draws together disparate primary and secondary sources in an impressive feat of scholarship. [3] The Colonial American breakfast was far from the juice, eggs and bacon of today. The stoic early settlers rose early and went straight to the chores that demanded their attention. [13] NEED TO PLAN A COLONIAL MEAL? There are three kinds of colonial/early American fare: the real thing (hearth cookery, original/fresh ingredients), modernized recipes adapted for today's kitchens (grocery store ingredients cooked in your kitchen), and contemporary interpretations served in fine 18th century-style eating establishments (Philadelphia's City Tavern, Colonial Williamsburg, et al.). [13] View our Thanksgiving resources and lesson plans. Many of them may help you with your Colonial American thematic unit planning. [25]
The colonial South included the plantation colonies of the Chesapeake region (Virginia, Maryland, and, by some classifications, Delaware) and the lower South (Carolina, which eventually split into North and South Carolina, and Georgia). [17] Pennsylvania and North Carolina required judges to make provision for dependents out of the forfeited estate. Virginia saved a dower for the convict's widow by allowing her to retain some land, a practice used much more frequently in the colonies than in England. [2]
4.4. AMERICAN HISTORY
Historians typically recognize four distinct regions in the lands that later became the Eastern United States. Listed from north to south, they are: New England, the Middle Colonies, the Chesapeake Bay Colonies (Upper South) and the Lower South. [17] Some historians add a fifth region, the frontier, as frontier regions from New England to Georgia resembled each other in certain respects. Other colonies in the pre-United States territories include New France ( Louisiana ), New Spain (including Florida, California, Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Nevada, Utah and parts of Colorado and Wyoming), Columbia District (Washington state, Oregon and northern California) and Russian Alaska. [17]
A number have cited attainder's harsh consequences on innocent descendants. The history of England had shown the American colonists that one of the strong incentives for the Crown to prosecute offenses such as treason had been the chance of sharing in the plunder of the accused. [2] Thick with cocoa butter, the beverage needed to be milled prior to pouring. The practice of tea drinking arrived with colonists from both England and the Netherlands and was already established by the mid-seventeenth century, evidenced by the number of tea wares recorded in household inventories. The earliest of these were undoubtedly imported from abroad, but American silversmiths began producing teapots by the start of the eighteenth century. [26]
Many are quite similar to the concerns English reformers and American colonists had regarding the potential abuse of state power in situations in which the government directly benefits from the prosecution of criminals. [2] Unlike English common law, which required a conviction prior to forfeiture, the newly emerging American criminal justice system allows forfeiture without criminal conviction in some instances. [2] Most of the states have also enacted forfeiture laws quite similar to the federal ones, further complicating the American criminal codes. [2]
American Religious History The Currents in American Scholarship series offers updates on the status of theory and practice in disciplines relevant to the study of the society, culture, and institutions of the United States. [5] " -- has a unique chronological arrangement), The Reader's Companion to American History (Houghton Mifflin, 1991 -- very readable short essays on a multitude of topics), and The New York Public Library American History Desk Reference (Macmillan, 1997). [9] American Religious History, an essay by Catherine L. Albanese of The University of California Santa Barbara, is available free of charge at the site. [5]
A topically organized websiteabout the study of the American West. This site provides photographs of historic moments in railroad history. [8]
Hispanic role in colonial America. Explore this Thinkquest site that presents life in colonial times, for American kids. The Christian Science Monitor presents this article. [8] The materials included in the Famous Trials website are original works of authorship, government records, works for which copyright protection has expired, works reprinted with permission, or works the webmaster believes are within the fair use protection of the copyright laws. Scientific American Frontiers: Unearthing Secret America In this episode archaeologists shed new light on life in colonial America and the lives of slaves. [5] The lesson plan includes specific activities and guides on how to use class time and also identifies specific American Memory items to be used. [5] If you can't get to the books you can use the colonial/early American recipes linked from the Food Timeline. [13] "Alvin Rabushka has written an extraordinary history of early American taxation. Weighing in at 3 pounds, 5 ounces, and running to almost 1,000 pages, it's a big book. It needs to be, for this is historical work on a grand scale. [3]
The Scarlet Letter: Lesson Plans and Teaching Resources Nathaniel Hawthorne's classic tale, set in a New England Puritan community, addresses moral and spiritual issues and remains one of the most widely taught books in American high schools. Follow this link to the Teaching Literature and Writing Newsletter and to a blend of historical, biographical, literary, and teaching resources on Hawthorne and The Scarlet Letter. [5] The Avalon Project: 18th Century Documents (Yale Law) -- Extensive archive of American historical documents. [7] Early American historical documents, firsts, biographies, and milestone events, including The Whiskey Rebellion, the Declaration of Arms, the Paris Peace Treaty of 1783, the Northwest Ordinance, and Jays Treaty. [8] The Great Awakening has been called the first truly American event. A similar pietistic movement took place among some of the German and Dutch Lutherans, leading to internal dvisions. By the 1770s, the Baptists were growing rapidly both in the north (where they founded Brown University ), and in the South (where they challenged the previously unquestioned moral authority of the Anglican establishment). [17] Find out about the first Thanksgiving. The 13 American Colonies This fun, illustrated article describes the 13 American Colonies in detail, from economics to religion to agriculture to revolution. [12]
In the American colonies, settlers from northern Ireland focused on mixed-farming. Using this technique, they grew corn for human consumption and as feed for hogs and other livestock. Many improvement-minded farmers of all different backgrounds began using new agricultural practices to raise their output. During the 1750s, these agricultural innovators replaced the hand sickles and scythes used to harvest hay, wheat, and barley with the cradle scythe, a tool with wooden fingers that arranged the stalks of grain for easy collection. This tool was able to triple the amount of work down by farmers in one day. Farmers also began fertilizing their fields with dung and lime and rotating their crops to keep the soil fertile. [17]
Before the war, Britain held the thirteen American colonies, most of present-day Nova Scotia, and most of the Hudson Bay watershed. [17] By the time of the Revolutionary War, approximately 85 per cent of white Americans were of English, Irish, Welsh, and Scottish descent. [17] The American courts often bore little resemblance to the English courts. Another major reason for the differences between the English and American legal systems was a consequence of the way in which the American courts were created. [2] The figures for over 2,800 dances appear in American collections handmade or published between 1730 and 1810. Most of these dances appear to be of English origin or inspiration; several of the collections are direct copies of English books. [20] Before 1680, Americans probably danced earlier forms of the English country dance using familiar renaissance steps: the single, the double, and perhaps some steps from the galliard for the more energetic. [20]
A number of legal historians have commented on the fact that the English legal system was not simply transplanted as a whole to the American colonies. [2] A ten page teacher's guide in PDF format that provides information and activity ideas about the interactions between the English settlers of Jamestown and Native Americans. [25] The Washington Post provides background information and insights to one of the most famous political scandal in American history so far. [8] Mayflower Compact The Mayflower Compact is a foundational document in American History. It was agreed to by the Pilgrims aboard the Mayflower in 1620. Learn more about this important document. [6] The way we lived: Essays and Documents in American Social History, Vol. 1; 1607-1877. [27]
The Documentary Archive is created under the supervision of Professor Benjamin C. Ray, University of Virginia. Famous American Trials: Salem Witch Trials This site include transcripts of trial records and examinations of six accused witches and other relevant primary source documents. [5] Thanksgiving Myths and Realities Learn all about the American myths and realities of the celebration of Thanksgiving. Thanksgiving Fast Facts Learn all about the American celebration of Thanksgiving with this quick list of facts. Virginia Colony Profile Learn more about the colony of Virginia including its significance and important people. [6] Find out the concerns of the Native American peoples living in that area at the time. [21] The transfer was bitterly criticized by John Adams and other Americans because it denied trial by jury and shifted the burden of proof to defendants. Ironically, at the same time in England, a growing percentage of defendants were permitted to transfer their cases from vice-admiralty to exchequer courts with their additional protections. [2]
King Philip (the colonist's nickname for Metacomet, chief of the Wampanoags) is hunted down and killed on August 12, 1676, in a swamp in Rhode Island, ending the war in southern New England and ending the independent power of Native Americans there. [15] The British populace, the most heavily taxed of any in Europe, pointed out angrily that the colonists paid little to the royal coffers. The colonists replied that their sons had fought and died in a war that served European interests more than their own. This dispute was a link in the chain of events that soon brought about the American Revolution. [17] Throughout the course of the war, British officers trained American ones (most notably George Washington ) for battle--which would later benefit the American Revolution. [17] Between the late 1610s and the American Revolution, the British shipped an estimated 50,000 convicts to its American colonies. [17]
In 1775, on the eve of the American Revolution, 2.5 million people had a personal stake in the 13 colonies - roughly a third of what inhabited all of Great Britain. [7] The American People: Colonizing a Continent in the Seventeenth Century PowerPoint Presentation on Colonial America as part of the online companion to The American People. [5] Godbeer, old boy, (he went to Oxford), put up or shut up. Larry Kramer has been writing his The American People since 1978. His first draft, just completed, is some 4000 pages. He and his editor are now rolling up their sleeves. [24] Furbee makes some interesting choices. For instance, Betsy Ross is included not as the maker of the first American flag, a claim that the author notes is debatable, but as a woman who "plotted her own course in life, founded a new religious group, survived three husbands, and built a thriving family business." [14] AUTHENTIC SOURCES & COOKING INSTRUCTIONS Food historians generally agree Amelia Simmons American Cookery, published in Hartford CT, 1796 is the first "American" coobook. Why? It was the first cookbook to include indigenous ingredients, most notably corn meal. [13]
Anyway there were hundreds of words for homosexual. I have a dictionary filled with them. The Queen's Vernacular, it's called, which documents centuries of what we called ourselves. Do you know that men loving men does not require the sexual act to qualify them as homosexuals? My American Heritage unabridged dictionary lists two definitions for homosexuality: the first: "sexual orientation to persons of the same sex; and the second: "sexual activity with another of the same sex." It is not necessary, nor should it be, to have had sex with another of the same sex, to maintain that a person is homosexual. Why, then, do most academics, indeed why does everyone, insist on this second definition over the first? This definition makes it all but impossible in many cases to claim a person as gay. [24] Americans were tested in a pitched battle East of Boston at the small village of Charlestown. Here it was first heard, "Don't fire 'til you see the whites of their eyes!" more. British Generals decide to take the high points around Boston to keep their naval advantage from being taken. [28] A 1763 English statute authorized all British naval vessels to act as customs officers on the high seas off the American coast. [2] Tavern keepers, like some early American housewives, apparently followed the dictates of English cooks like E. Smith. Elizabeth Raffald and Richard Briggs; all of whome included bills of fare and table diagrams for the placing of each course in their books. [13]
Colonial governments had little desire to see American property forfeited to the Crown in Great Britain. [2] Colonial Americans quickly adopted the taste for these imported beverages and their fashionable equipage. [26] We know a great deal about what was consumed in colonial American taverns, public houses, and ordinaries. [13]
Most services are fee-based but Uncommon Sense is a free online journal on early American history to which you can subscribe. [5] Reviews in American History 11 (2): 161???171. doi : 10.2307/2702135. http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici0048-7511(198306)11%3A2%3C161%3ANANRMC%3E2.0.CO%3B2-0. [17] Ask a historian anything about American history or the National Park Service and receive an answer back. [8] Jamestown Historic Briefs Concise handouts on Jamestown history are made available by the National Park Service. The American Nation: Internet Activities Prentice Hall's phschool.com offers internet activities based on their The American Nation textbook chapters. [5]
Produced in the Netherlands. The American symbol, its origin, and history in U.S. culture. [8] I had assumed you to be an outright and noble gay, fighting to tell us our real and true early American history, unencumbered by all your fucking theories. [24]
With the hope of dramatically slowing the importation of cocaine, President Bush, in late 1989, approved a plan to station off the Caribbean coast of Colombia a naval task force with the capacity to monitor and intercept all ships and planes departing Colombia bound for America. The Colombian government objected to the "blockade" by American military forces and asserted its sovereign rights to access in international waters without interference. Following the Colombian objection, the Bush administration denied that such a policy was being enacted, and claimed that U. S. warships were simply on routine maneuvers. [2] American has primarily been founded by immigrants. Read about the lives of immigrants entering America, and the important contributions they have made in helping to shape the American Nation. [8]
4.5. SOUTH CAROLINA
Agawam, Massachusetts, 1633. The clash of cultures between the Pawtucket Indians and the new settlers is the focus for this novel. Rebekah, the daughter of a missionary, befriends a young Native American girl and is accused of siding against her own family. [21] Plymouth, Massachusetts. 1620's. This is daily life from the point of view of the Native Americans living in the area where the Pilgrims settled. [21] The true story of the Native American princess Pocahontas and her life between two cultures, beautifully told by Fritz's sure hand. [21]
I hope students will gain an admiration for the Native American culture that was present when the colonists arrived. http://www.ed.uiuc.edu/YLP/97-98/97-98_units/97-98mini-unit/JAugustine. [29] View excerpts taken from a hostage diary from the Jimmy Carter Library & Museum, providing a brief summary of the Iranian Hostage Crisis. This Wikipedia entry provides a detailed overview of the events of the Iranian Hostage crisis, as well as providing links to historical and biographical information. View photographs of shots from within and around the American embassy during this crisis, in which 52 U.S. diplomats were held hostage in support of the Iranian revolution. [8] The American Colonist's Library A massive collection of historical works which contributed to the formation of American politics, culture, and ideals. [5] Harlem in New York City was enriched with prolific African American artists and musicians. This description of the Harlem Renaissance from Wikipedia also provides biographical and historical links at the end. [8] American Historical Review 20 : 43???63. doi : 10.2307/1836116. http://www.dinsdoc.com/andrews-1.htm. [17]
The war also increased a sense of American unity in other ways. It caused men, who might normally have never left their own colony, to travel across the continent, fighting alongside men from decidedly different, yet still "American", backgrounds. [17] The French and Indian War (1754-1763) was the American extension of the general European conflict known as the Seven Years' War. [17]
"French emigre Jean Anthelme Brillat-Savarin. spent two years in New York (1794-96). He later recalled the hospitality of American taverns. dinner consisted of roast beef, turkey, vegetables, salad, fruit tart, cheese, and nuts, all accompanied by copious quantities of claret, Port, and Madeira, followed by rum, brandy, and whiskey. The availability of meat and game exemplified America's bounty, so that venison, pigeon, turkey, ducks, bear and other game were not unusual in a large tavern, both in the country and in the city." [13] The Fort, which was established in 1721, was the Southern-most post in the Colonies and was situated to provide a buffer against Spanish and French intrusion from the South. In 1738, General Oglethorpe brought a large military contingent to Georgia and the following year his troops provided a strong showing against the Spanish in King George's War ( the War of Austrian Succession in Europe). [11] The French established several colonies that failed, due to weather, disease or conflict with other European powers. A small group of French troops were left on Parris Island, South Carolina in 1562 to build Charlesfort, but left after a year when they were not resupplied from France. [17]
At first, South Carolina was politically divided. Its ethnic makeup included the original settlers, a group of rich, slave-owning English settlers from the island of Barbados; and Huguenots, a French -speaking community of Protestants. [17] In 1691 Albermarle, the northern Carolina region, was officially recognized by the English crown. This is the first time the "North Carolina" designation was used. [11] The first attempted English settlement south of Virginia was the Province of Carolina. It was a private venture, financed by a group of English Lords Proprietors, who obtained a Royal Charter to the Carolinas in 1663, hoping that a new colony in the south would become profitable like Jamestown. [17] The colonists made substantial changes in the matter of standing mute or failing to plead to an indictment that eliminated the necessity of peine forte et dure long before the English did. Three colonies (Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina) considered those who were accused of treason to have pled guilty if they stood mute. [2]
Wealthy women in the Southern colonies shared in the British culture. They read British magazines, wore fashionable clothing of British design, and served an elaborate afternoon tea. Once women were married, their main duty was to produce offspring and tend to the family. These efforts were the most successful in South Carolina, where wealthy rice planters lived in townhouses in Charleston, a busy port city. Active social seasons also existed in towns, such as Annapolis, Maryland, and on tobacco plantations along the James River in Virginia. [17] The Southern Colonies were mainly dominated by the wealthy slave-owning planters in Maryland, Virginia, and South Carolina. These planters owned massive estates that were worked by African slaves. [17] Grouped with the Southern Colonies, Virginia started out as a Corporate colony (granted by Royal charter to a Company of investors who have governing rights) but in 1624 became a Royal colony (subject to the governing authority of the granting Royalty). [11]
4.6. SOUTHERN COLONIES
One of the Southern Colonies, South Carolina started out as a Proprietary colony but also became a Royal colony in 1719. [11] One of the Southern Colonies, North Carolina started out as a Proprietary colony but obtained a Royal charter in 1729 from George II. [11] One of the Southern Colonies, Georgia started out as a Proprietary colony but eventually became a Royal colony in 1752. [11]
James Oglethorpe, an 18th century British Member of Parliament, established Georgia Colony as a common solution to two problems. At that time, tension between Spain and Great Britain was high, and the British feared that Spanish Florida was threatening the British Carolinas. [17] Of the 650,000 inhabitants of the South in 1750, about 250,000 or 40 percent, were slaves. Planters used their wealth to dominate the local tenants and yeoman farmers. At election time, they gave these farmers gifts of rum and promised to lower taxes to take control of colonial legislatures. [17] Few ever complained about the huge portions offered at even the most remote inn, and a breakfast of several eggs, game birds, pancakes, and coffee or tea was ubiquitous throughout America. By far the msot common dish served to travelers was ham, and, in the South, chickens. it was improbable that the average traveler in the colonial era would have much enjoyed whatever it was he was eating. [13]
The islands between Russia and Alaska and the adjacent coastal areas on both sides of the Bering Sea were peopled by the Aleut, Yupik, Chukchi and related tribes. The Russian tsars decided to explore the eastern extant of their empire (and determine whether a land bridge existed between Asia and the Americas). This led to the Second Kamchatka expedition in the 1730s and early 1740s. Exploration of the region led to exploitation of its resources - especially its furs, as other Russian regions became overexploited. [17] Blackstone considered all of the American colonies to be conquered or ceded countries. [2] Following the passage of the Transportation Act in 1718, 50,000 convicts were sent to the American colonies through 1776, and 150,000 were sent to Australia through 1866. [2] The Crown often treated the chartered and royal colonies similarly, claiming that the American Indians were the conquered inhabitants. [2]
The first American restaurant is said to have been established in Boston, 1794. [13] Once the African slave trade was outlawed foreign ships that carried slaves into American waters were also subject to automatic forfeiture. [2] A major finding is the oppressive nature which many Americans attached to seizures and forfeitures. [2]
A popular country dance might be selected in the spring of 1779 at an officers? ball hosted by General Greene at the Artillery Park Ballroom in Pluckemin, New Jersey, with music provided by one of the American regimental bands. The same country dance might be chosen six months later in a private room of a ramshackle tavern in Sunbury, Pennsylvania where some of the same officers, a few local merchants and their families and a local fiddler might gather, hosted by the innkeeper himself. Patriotic toasts and minuets might open both occasions. [20] Calling the figures as the dance progressed was not an American invention as is often claimed. In 1752 Nicholas Dukes suggests that the top couple might recite the names of the figures when they selected the dance of their choice (Dukes iv). [20]
Gr. 4+. We think of this line in connection with the Civil War, but the story of how it came to be brings the conflict between settlers and Native Americans into sharp contrast. [21] Leaders. Research the leaders of white settlers and Native Americans during this period. Make charts comparing their situations, their goals, the obstacles and their accomplishments. [21] Research the various relationships between groups of settlers and the local Native Americans. [21]
The Electric Franklin provides resources for you to explore the diversity of Benjamin Franklin's pursuits, and there are several section that deal with the revolutionary war. Pilgrim Hall Museum Through its exhibition of Pilgrim possessions and Native American artifacts, Pilgrim Hall tells the stories of America's founding and traditions. [5] The birth of the New England form of town government may, ironically, be rooted in the failure of Sir Ferdinando Gorges' effort to colonize most of the American seaboard. more. [28] The British crown often turned to the cheap, yet strongly built American ships. [17] African Americans who were part of the Oregon Trail. This site answers frequently asked questions about the Oregon Trail, tells about covered wagons, and even has pictures of Oregon City during famous floods. [8] Laborers stood at the bottom of seaport society. These poor people worked on the docks unloading inbound vessels and loading outbound vessels with wheat, corn, and flaxseed. Many of these were African American ; some were free while others were enslaved. [17] John Smith is captured by Native American Chief Powhatan and saved from death by the chief's daughter, Pocahontas. In September he sails up the Hudson River to Albany. [15] Northwest Territory Alliance -- "A non-profit educational organization that studies and recreates the culture, lifestyle, and arts of the time of the American Revolution, 1775-1783. [7]
The Floridas remained loyal to Great Britain during the American Revolution. They were returned to Spain in 1783 (in exchange for Havana), at which time most Englishmen left. [17]
Maryland: Maryland Loyalists and the American Revolution (M. Christopher New) -- A flashy and sensational look at Maryland's loyalists, promoting the author's book. [7] Political hostilities were in due course resolved, and Americans gathered once again around the tea table. Moreau de Saint-Méry, a foreign visitor to Philadelphia in the 1790s, noted the warmth and hospitality of these events. [26] Early American Documents (Emory) -- High-resolution (and therefore large) facsimiles of the Constitution, Declaration of Independence (including Jefferson's draft), and Bill of Rights. [7] The destruction of the wilderness viewed through the eyes of a Native American child. [21] Native American Population. Research the groups in different areas and find out as much as you can about their population and its distribution. [21] By 1820, Spanish influence was marked by the chain of missions reaching from San Diego to just north of today's San Francisco Bay area, and extended inland approximately 25 to 50 miles (40 to 80km) from the missions. Outside of this zone, perhaps 200,000 to 250,000 Native Americans were continuing to lead traditional lives. [17] The California Missions comprised a series of outposts established to spread Christianity among the local Native Americans, with the added benefit of confirming historic Spanish claims to the area. [17] The story of a white girl captured by Native Americans at the age of 10 and then returned at the age of 18 and her adjustments to the two cultures. [21] Former French Fort Carillon on Lake Champlain at the mouth of Lake George in New York held an unequaled weapons cache destined to save Boston in the American Revolution! more. [28] The Archive also features a collection of links to early American texts on the Internet. [5] American Timeline: Colonization http: //fcps.k12.va.us/OakViewES/harris/97-98/a. [30] No matter how unfair a seizure might be, the American claimant suffered serious financial loss. [2] Given what you now know and today's sensitivities what agreements would you try to work out with the Native Americans in that area. [21] Not everybody had soup, though. a porridge of improved maize, may have taken th e place of one made with millet when the American plant became established between 1630 and 1650. Its introduction enabled famine to be brought under control. [13] Smithsonian National Museum of American History's online exhibit of all things relating to 9/11. [8] Hundreds of seamen, some who were African American, worked as sailors on merchant ships. [17] Flapper fashion descriptions with accompanying illustrations. This league's crusade lead to constitutional ammendment for prohibition. This page provides links to material on American prohibition. [8] Charter companies and joint stock companies also played a crucial role in exploration. Spain's experience during the Reconquista gave their American colonization efforts qualities of centralized governmental control, military conquest, and religious missionary efforts. [17] Abigail Smith Adams stated it best: "American men should give up the harsh title of Master for the more tender and endearing one of friend. [14]
The original settlers in South Carolina established a lucrative trade in provisions, deerskins and Indian captives with the Caribbean islands. They came mainly from the English colony of Barbados and brought African slaves with them. [17] The first Russian colony in Alaska was founded in 1784 by Grigory Shelikhov. The Russian-American Company was formed in 1799 with the influence of Nikolay Rezanov for the purpose of hunting sea otters for their fur. [17] The first quarter of the 19th century continued the slow colonization of the southern and central California coast by Spanish missionaries, ranchers, and troops. [17]
There were a few Spanish settlements along the coast, north of Florida, in the 16th and early 17th century but what is now Georgia was originally just the southern portion of the Carolina grant. [11]
Once we each get over the fact that what consenting adults do in private is NOT MY BUSINESS then we can get to evaluating Gay history as part of history. Does it matter that Lincoln was or was not Gay? Sure, EITHER WAY it's part of who he was and what he was: Our greatest President. It may or may not have influenced his decisions. That's historians' job to determine. It's long been established that Lincoln's predecessor, Buchanan, was Gay. In his case, his long relationship with a Southern pro-slavery congressman (14 years, was it?) may well have influenced his judgment and his decisions that let the South secede. [24] Most slaves in South Carolina were born in Africa, while half the slaves in Virginia and Maryland were born in the colonies. [17] Since there was no state religion, and since Protestantism had no central authority, religious practice in the colonies became diverse. [17] Overview of Colonial America Want to find out about Colonial America? Here is an overview of the thirteen colonies and the important differences between the New England, Middle, and Southern Colonies. [6]
British Navigation Acts - Gave Britain a monopoly on trade with the southern colonies. This, in turn, stimulated the growth of the plantations by giving them a constant, large market. [31] Subsequently, Russian explorers and settlers continued to establish trading posts in Alaska, the Aleutian Islands, British Columbia, Washington, Oregon and as far south as Fort Ross in northern California. [17] About 170,000 more Africans arrived over the next five decades. By 1750, there were more than 250,000 slaves in British America; and, in the Carolinas, they made up about 60 percent of the total population. [17]
4.7. CAROLINA REGION
"RICO Forfeitures, Forfeitable 'Interests,' and Procedural Due Process," North Carolina Law Review, 62, 57-113. [2] Similar laws are later passed in New York, New Jersey, the Carolinas and Virginia. [15]
Virginia colonists began to settle the North Carolina region in 1653 to provide a buffer for the southern frontier. [11] The reality of the colony was far from ideal. The colonists were unhappy about the puritanical lifestyle and complained that their colony could not compete economically with the Carolina rice plantations. [17] In 1526, Lucas V??zquez de Ayll??n founded the colony San Miguel de Guadalupe in present day Georgia or South Carolina. [17] The African slaves who worked on the indigo, tobacco, and rice fields in the South came from western and central Africa. They were all very poor and received just enough to live, this trait of low wealth still lingers today in southern United States. [17] In 1788 South Carolina was the eighth state to ratify the Constitution. [11]
At the instigation of Secretary of State William H. Seward, the U.S. Senate approved the purchase of Alaska from the Russian Empire for 2 cents an acre, totaling $7,200,000 on April 9, 1867. Russian missionaries such as Herman of Alaska established the Orthodox Church among the native tribes. [17]
In 1526 San Miguel de Guadalupe was established by settlers from Hispanolia who initially landed in South Carolina but ended up moving to an area of the Carolina region that would eventually become Georgia. [11] South Carolina launched large scale invasions in 1702 and 1704, which effectively destroyed the Spanish mission system. St Augustine survived, but English-allied Indians such as the Yamasee conducted slave raids throughout Florida, killing or enslaving most of the region's natives. [17] Carolina was not settled until 1670, and even then the first attempt failed because there was no incentive for emigration to the south. Eventually the Lords combined their remaining capital and financed a settlement mission to the area led by John West. [17]
There would be dried sausage, or smoked pork, a hen or capon, a fat goose at Christmas, a lamb at Easter, sometimes a stewed chicken on a Sunday. All the regional differences can bee seen roughly symbolised in what ethnologistslike to call the 'foundations' of a cuisine: in the west, this was butter, tin the south-west goose-fat, int he Mediterranean south olive oil; in some places they used lard, and in a few they made to with nut oil or rapeseed oil. To round off these feasts or disners of the rich, there would be all sorts of crepes, fritters, bugnes, mervielles, pets de nonnes., tartes, clafoutis, with spice-breads and brioches for the pre-Lenten feasts of Candlemas and Shrove Tuesday, and of other special festivals. It was th town cooks, in fact, who improved, enriched, and sometimes refined the simple, plentiful, and tasty dishes and the elast ppor pcountry peiople took these over in the following centuries. Drinks. it is obvious that both great feasts and poor gruel must have been washed down with something. [13] Early afternoon was the appointed hour for dinner in Colonial America. Throughout the seventeenth century and well into the eighteenth century it was served in the "hall" or "common room.".While dinner among the affluent merchants in the North took place shortly after noon, the Southern planters enjoyed their dinner as late as bubbling stews were carried into the fields to feed the slaves and laborers. [13]
RANKED RECOMMENDED SOURCES
(31 source documents numbered in order of appearance in text)
17. Colonial history of the United States - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/3.html
2. Forfeiture in England and Colonial America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/50.html
5. U.S. History - Colonial
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/37.html
8. American History - Homework Center - Multnomah County Library
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/34.html
13. The Food Timeline: history notes--Colonial America and 17th & 18th century France
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21. Children's Literature Newsletter Vol 1, No 2. pg 5
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11. 13 Originals
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9. Internet Public Library: Pathfinders
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/11.html
1. Innovative Teaching - Colonial America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/20.html
7. Colonial, Revolutionary, and Early America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/19.html
6. Colonial America - The Thirteen Original Colonies
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/2.html
20. DANCES OF COLONIAL AMERICA
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/40.html
24. Larry Kramer: Homo Sex in Colonial America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/30.html
15. The History Place - Early Colonial Era
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/35.html
14. Amazon.com: Outrageous Women of Colonial America: Mary Rodd Furbee: Books
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/38.html
3. Rabushka, A.: Taxation in Colonial America.
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/32.html
28. Colonial America | Suite101.com
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/44.html
26. Coffee, Tea, and Chocolate in Early Colonial America | Thematic Essay | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History | The Metropolitan Museum of Art
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16. Archiving Early America: Primary Source Material from 18th Century America
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10. ColonialLife
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23. "Colonial America" Activity Ideas for Elementary School
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19. Crime and Punishment in Colonial America
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25. Thematic Units - Colonial America
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12. Colonial Times in America
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30. All About the Colonial Period
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18. Colonial America (1492-1763)
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/0.html
29. Colonial America Theme - Lesson Plans, Thematic Units, Printables, Worksheets, and More from A to Z Teacher Stuff
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22. COLONIAL AMERICA
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4. Colonial America
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27. Indentured Servitude in Colonial America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/46.html
31. Ms. Fye's Resources - Life in Colonial America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/39.html
17. Colonial history of the United States - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/3.html
2. Forfeiture in England and Colonial America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/50.html
5. U.S. History - Colonial
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/37.html
8. American History - Homework Center - Multnomah County Library
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/34.html
13. The Food Timeline: history notes--Colonial America and 17th & 18th century France
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/36.html
21. Children's Literature Newsletter Vol 1, No 2. pg 5
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11. 13 Originals
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/29.html
9. Internet Public Library: Pathfinders
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/11.html
1. Innovative Teaching - Colonial America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/20.html
7. Colonial, Revolutionary, and Early America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/19.html
6. Colonial America - The Thirteen Original Colonies
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/2.html
20. DANCES OF COLONIAL AMERICA
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/40.html
24. Larry Kramer: Homo Sex in Colonial America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/30.html
15. The History Place - Early Colonial Era
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/35.html
14. Amazon.com: Outrageous Women of Colonial America: Mary Rodd Furbee: Books
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3. Rabushka, A.: Taxation in Colonial America.
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/32.html
28. Colonial America | Suite101.com
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10. ColonialLife
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/10.html
23. "Colonial America" Activity Ideas for Elementary School
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/21.html
19. Crime and Punishment in Colonial America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/49.html
25. Thematic Units - Colonial America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/27.html
12. Colonial Times in America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/5.html
30. All About the Colonial Period
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/55.html
18. Colonial America (1492-1763)
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/0.html
29. Colonial America Theme - Lesson Plans, Thematic Units, Printables, Worksheets, and More from A to Z Teacher Stuff
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/41.html
22. COLONIAL AMERICA
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/1.html
4. Colonial America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/15.html
27. Indentured Servitude in Colonial America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/46.html
31. Ms. Fye's Resources - Life in Colonial America
http://iresearch-reporter.com/themes/trim_demo/6/Sources1/39.html